2020高考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn),能不能背下來(lái)看你的了(3)
來(lái)源:高考網(wǎng)整理 2020-02-13 19:05:53
長(zhǎng)難句
46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生,很有趣。
[1] fun “好玩,趣事”,不可數(shù)名詞,前面不加不定冠詞a
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定會(huì)玩得很開(kāi)心。
[2] make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。
People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因?yàn)樗┝艘患敲雌婀值囊路?br />
funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”
He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿著他父親的衣服,看上去很滑稽。
47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤(pán)子里所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。
這是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主語(yǔ),it是形式主語(yǔ)。
?颊Z(yǔ)法
48. 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)
[1] 直接引語(yǔ)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。
(一般過(guò)去時(shí)改成過(guò)去完成時(shí))
I broke your CD player.→
He told me he had broken my CD player.
(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)改成過(guò)去完成時(shí))
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→
Jenny said she had lost a book.
(一般將來(lái)時(shí)改成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí))
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”→
Mum said she would go to see a friend.
。ㄟ^(guò)去完成時(shí)保留原有的時(shí)態(tài))
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”→
He said they hadn’t finished their homework.
注意:直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理,過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。
[2] 在直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),如果從句中的主語(yǔ)時(shí)第一人稱(chēng)或被第一人稱(chēng)所修飾,從句中的人稱(chēng)要按照主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)變化。如:
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→
Mary said her brother was and engineer.
[3] 直接引語(yǔ)如果是反意疑問(wèn)句,選擇疑問(wèn)句或一般疑問(wèn)句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如:
He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→
He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
[4] 直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如:
“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→
He asked him to pass her the water.
[5] 直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Let’s”開(kāi)頭的祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用“suggest+動(dòng)名詞或從句”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”→
She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
49. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,謂語(yǔ)通常為瞬間動(dòng)詞。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)后不能再接具體的時(shí)間。
[1] 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái),指的是近期的,按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
[2] 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)與表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的區(qū)別在于:前者通常用瞬間動(dòng)詞(有時(shí)一些常用動(dòng)詞也可以這樣用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
、 The train is arriving soon. 火車(chē)就要進(jìn)站了。
、 He is reading a novel. 他在看小說(shuō)。
[3] 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間,在句中或上下文中通常有表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。
[4] 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作的區(qū)別在于:前者表示的將來(lái)的動(dòng)作往往是可以改變的,而后者則是根據(jù)規(guī)定或時(shí)間表預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情,因此往往是不可改變或不可隨便改變的。
、 What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你們打算干什么?
、 The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.
飛機(jī)今晚七點(diǎn)半起飛。
50. 主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)時(shí),盡管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。
The teacher as well as his students is excited.
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