09年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺：閱讀迷惑選項(xiàng)分析

　　俗話說(shuō)“知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆。”高考這個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的“彼”就是出題者了。大部分同學(xué)在做閱讀時(shí)，讀文章、審題干、看選項(xiàng)這個(gè)過(guò)程，全部的心思和精力都是在找正確選項(xiàng)A（假設(shè)是A）。而我們的“敵人”出題者呢？大家都知道高考閱讀的文章是現(xiàn)成的，而耳熟能詳?shù)膸状箢}型對(duì)于出題專家們更是輕車熟路，而正確選項(xiàng)A也是來(lái)源于原文的，所以文章、題干、正確選項(xiàng)都沒(méi)有耗費(fèi)出題者太多精力。真正體現(xiàn)出題者水平的是迷惑選項(xiàng)BCD！迷惑選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)是：1不能第一眼就看出來(lái)錯(cuò)的；2看起來(lái)還很像對(duì)的；3最終還真得是錯(cuò)的，錯(cuò)得毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)。這才是真正有“技術(shù)含量”的部分，才是體現(xiàn)一個(gè)出題者水平的地方，才是每個(gè)出題者挖空心思的地方！

　　今天我在這里，以05年重慶卷的一篇文章為例，就迷惑選項(xiàng)的制造規(guī)則，做一些探討：

　　1) My parents were in a huge argument, 2) and I was really upset about it. 3) I didn’t know who I should talk with about how I was feeling. 4) So I asked Mom to allow me to stay the night at my best friend’s house. Though I knew 5) I wouldn’t tell her about my parents’ situation, 6) I was looking forward to getting out of the house. 7) I was in the middle of packing up my things when suddenly the power went out in the neighborhood. 8) Mom came to tell me that I should stay with my grandpa until the power came back on.

　　1) I was really disappointed because 2) I felt that we did not have much to talk about. But I knew 3) he would be frightened alone in the dark. 4) I went to his room and told him that I’d stay with him until the power was restored. 5) He was quite happy 6) and said, “Great opportunity.”

　　“What is?” I asked.

　　“To talk, you and I.” he said. “To 7) hold a private little meeting about what we’re going to do with your mom and dad, and what we’re going to do with ourselves now that we’re in the situation we are in.”

　　把第一段劃分成一個(gè)個(gè)小的信息段：1爸媽吵架2我不高興3不知跟誰(shuí)傾訴4要去好友家過(guò)夜5不會(huì)給好友講6想離開(kāi)家7正在收拾東西時(shí)停電了8被要求待在家陪爺爺。

　　平時(shí)大家覺(jué)得題干和選項(xiàng)看著眼熟，又不是很熟就是因?yàn)?ldquo;同意替換”：同樣的意思從原文中拿出來(lái)就變了個(gè)樣子：

　　56題干中l(wèi)ook forward to à wish to,

　　A選項(xiàng)中upset à angry, argument à quarrel,

　　B選項(xiàng)中didn’t know who à found nobody, talk with à share,

　　C選項(xiàng)中l(wèi)ook forward to à want to, get out of à escape from,

　　D選項(xiàng)中my parents’ situation à my trouble,

　　發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)與信息段的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系

　　56. I wished to get out of the house because.

　　A. I was angry about my parents’ quarrel

　　B. I found nobody to share my feelings with

　　C. I wanted to escape from the dark house

　　D. I planned to tell my friend about my trouble

　　56題問(wèn)的是為什么6？

　　A 講的是1和2。

　　B 講的是3。

　　C 講的是6 + dark。

　　D 講的是5 － not。

　　迷惑選項(xiàng)規(guī)則1：a選項(xiàng)帶有部分原文的信息（56題C\D），看著眼熟，其實(shí)加了其它成分。b選項(xiàng)就是原文的信息，自身看不出哪里錯(cuò)，但其實(shí)并不是符合題干的答案（56題B）。

　　用同樣的方法將第二至四段劃分成小的信息段：1. 我很沮喪, 2. 因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為跟爺爺沒(méi)什么語(yǔ)言, 3.他一個(gè)人怕黑, 4. 我去了他那兒告訴他要陪他, 5. 他很高興, 6. 說(shuō)到好機(jī)會(huì)，7.  談?wù)劙謰尯退麄冏约旱那闆r。

　　57. Grandpa was happy to see me because.

　　A. he could discuss the problem with me

　　B. he had not seen me for a long time

　　C. he was afraid of darkness

　　D. he felt quite lonely

　　57題問(wèn)的是為什么5？

　　A  講的是7

　　B  講的是x(他很久沒(méi)見(jiàn)我了)

　　C  講的是3

　　D  講的是y(他很孤獨(dú))

　　迷惑選項(xiàng)規(guī)則2：根據(jù)文章另外提出一些看似有道理、有聯(lián)系的信息，它們往往是一些人之常情或社會(huì)常識(shí)，主觀上易接受，并容易憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)推出（老人家……），但其實(shí)不是正確答案（57題B\D）。

　　上面總結(jié)的兩個(gè)規(guī)則廣泛運(yùn)用于全國(guó)各地的高考卷，各位同學(xué)在以后做題評(píng)講之后，養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣把剩下的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)是規(guī)一還是規(guī)二給標(biāo)記出來(lái)。久而久之就會(huì)對(duì)迷惑選項(xiàng)的規(guī)律產(chǎn)生感覺(jué)，從而達(dá)到對(duì)其免疫的效果。